Gear



.Tuy 3, 1923. 11,460,958

F. GAHLERT, .1R

' GEAR Filed July S. 1922 s sheets-sheet 1 AGSB@ July 3, 1923.

F. GAHLERT, JR

GEAR

Filed July 8. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 @E wxh@ July 3, 1923.

F. GAHLERT, JR

Filed July 8, 1922 GEAR 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 HIIHIIIHHJHIIIHHIII MMM/ M LIM Patented July 3, 1923.

FRANZ GAHLERT, JR., on WEIPERT, nonnina.

GEAR.

Application led July 8, 1922. Serial No. 573,679.

T0 all whom t 'may concern:

Be it knoivn that I, FRANZ GAHLn-nr, Junior, residingv at iVeipert, Bohemia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gears for which I haveiiled lapplications in Germany Deel2?, 1918; Germany Apr. 1, 1921; Germany Nov. 8, 1920; Germany April 7, 1922), of Which the folloiving'is a specication.

This invention relates tel gears,"such as for example consist of a series of differential and planet Wheel gears, each of Which may add a certain amount of motion to the next so as to produce a resultant motion which is ultimately transferredfrom the last gear in the series to the driving member of a machine. Y Although the novel gear vvill permit of a more general application, it is particularly adapted for automatically imparting` motions to the vvork frame or frames of embroidering machines. Motion transmitting devices of this kind are known, but it has been found in practice that these known devices have a large variety of drawbacks, one of these drawbacks consisting in the fact that a complicated change gear and intermediate gear is required to obtain a summation of the contributory-motions of the indif vidual intermediate gears which are mounted on the main shaft and revolve in opposite directions. This results in anotherserious disaclvantage,namely a considerable amount of lost motion thatl arises between the differential and planet Wheel gears.

One feature of the invention consists of means for arresting the motion of the differential gears in a step-by-step fashion and this contributes greatly towards the reduction of lost motion.

In accordance with another feature of the invention the individual differential gears are arranged in groups and placed one after the other on a` shaft, the individual differ-` ential gears being coupled with each other by sun Wheels of equal sizes and equal numbers of teeth, and the sun Wheels increasing in size, or being stepped in proportion to the contributory motions, through the entire gear.

Another feature of the inventionl consists in the toothed Wheels-Which carry the planet Wheelsof the differential gears being arprogressively rano'ed to coo erate with. arrestin members inthe form of stopping Wedges by Which the `gears can be arrested selectively so that the f same diferential `gears may transfer the contributory motion in a different degree of the geometrical series in Which the various steps representing the different contributor)T motions are contained, The various motions obtained, (each of which correspondfto` a geometrical series) thusonly result by summation 0f the individual contributory motions. When the direction of the motion changes, all of the spur Wheels and differential Wheels travel in the opposite ydirection, and this results in the advantage that the Work of altering the `jacquard card in the ease of Wrong or bad stitches is considerably simplified in comparison with previous arrangements.

The novel meansfor arrestingthe differential gears are particularly sure in action. :fluctuations and inaccuracies. of the contributory motions `produced bythe play between the flanks of the teeth being prevented from occurring to the same extent as in previous devices. To this end a disk is associated 1with each sun Wheel and a number of slots or recesses are provided in the periphery of the disks the number of recesses ineach disk corresponding to the contributory motion imparted by the associated sun Wheel. Setting members are provided which are adapted for engaging iviththese recesses after each operation of the gear, these setting members effecting an accurate positioning of the sun Wheel. A rough or anapproximate setting of the sun Wheel is thus converted into a fine or accurate positioning of l' 4tional form,

Fig. lrepresenting a longitudinal section through a gear,

Fig. 2 a diagrammatic showing of the pitch circles of the various Wheels,

Fig. 3 a side vievv of the grating formed by the longitudinally displaceable driving- Wheel cont-rolling bars of the gear,

Fig. e a diagram of the combinations of liftingavires of a y.Jaccpuard :loom ghelonging to .each unit, which Wires operateat various moments to put the corresponding differential gears into operation.

Figs. and 6 illustrate another construe tional form of gear according to the inven-` verse section; respectively fof another modiieation vhaving sun -Wheels with Vrecessed :dislrsvasshovvn in Figsyl to 16.

. F 1g. 17 illustratesan application oi vthe v:novel gear to the wvorlrdiramefof an embroidering machine.

Although the novel-differential gearanay Vbeapplie'd to "machine tools, machines of ngpreclsion, machines 1n which la variety of `:different motions have to. .be fproduced .or

.controlled,- and to calcula-ting machines and ythe like., and 1f necessary' a number ot Athese ditlierential gears can he'fmade to operate 1n '.series so :that :the Iinal. shaft of ithe :one gear 'forms `the tirstfor primary shaft of vthe next,

:the invention (isshovvn in 1T as applied `to 'the Work Yframe: of'an emlnoidering mal chine. TrInthis figure 32 is'the shaft to Which the ftotal ot the contributory anovemen'tsYot1 .thelvarious differentialgears is imparted and I tliisishattf32 acts directly and through bevel nWheels on screwspindles 1which shift the `Work frame (shown fragmentarily) `of `an .embroidering machine.

`Referring to Figs. land 3 racks 31 or any Asuitalole -means are employed torv imparting rotary l'motion-to `theugear through the medium of a Wheel. 30 which is turned clockwise-or eounterclockwise in accordance with the pattern to beproduced. This rotary mortion is imparted tofthe .driving'shatt 33 of the gear'vvhich is journalled at both sides in yhearings 429. The driving Wheels '22, 23,1124 to 23 mountedside Aby side en ,the shaft -33 are'splinedon the latter which is provided With -feather `keys 34. The said driving Wheels are provided with ,protruding hubs adaptedto be engaged by collars 35 by .means of which the driving .wheels'can 4be shifted longitudinally on the shaft 33 soas v to he hroughtinto and out of mesh .with the ,differential ygears.- The coupling and uncoupling o'lthe drivingvfheels is brought about by shittingmembers 36, 3?, 381m 42 finaccordancewith .the pattern to` he produced by means oit the jacquardapparatus. .The shiftingmemhers36 to 42 are mounted in bars arranged so as to tormagrating and to slide to .and frofin grooves or recesses formed insupports 43. Each of the driving yWheels y22- tov 27 transmits its measured .motion, .Which isthesame in `theicase of each Wheel, to thetoothedfvvheels 8 `to i4 which -imp art `motion to thedilie-renti al gears. All

coupled Wheels rotate `in .the same direction. :The toothed 'Wheels9, 1.0, ll `to 14 are providedwith lateral pins 44 on Which planet Wheels l5-+16, iti-.17, 17-18, 20-21 are revolubly mounted. 'By the rolling of these Wheels upon the sun Wheels -l-2, 2--3, 3 4, 6 7 the fundamental motions which are transterred-flirom the driving shaft 33 to the differential gears are differentiated and transformed inaccordance with the pattern yto he produced n and ,they are ultimately .transferred to the Work tramev driving spindle lor shaft 32` mountedin thegmain hearings 45. The `tooithedfvvheel18I is rigidly dined Ito thel fiirst` sun WheelV l.

The operation. ofthe gear-fis as rfollovvs: Assumingthat-the dirstdiii'erentialgear only is thrown on hy means of Jthe shifting member ywhich Vthro-Ws ,the driving Wheel 22 into gear, ,and` that. all the other driving lWheels are .out-p of u gear. and that #their seciateddierential gearsare varrested',by `the* arresting Wedges 46, .the fundamental -.motion -impartedto theslraftf33 by-zthe rac.; 3.!- vvill.betransferreclby the coupled-Wheel QZto the toothed*Wheel-Smith` which it-is inmeshand ltothesunvvheel il fixed to the Wheel-.3. rl-sail the other toothed Wheels V9, l()9 Ll, .,-l4eareg-ar-'rested the-.fpairswot planet Wheels .l5-l6,`.16.l7 17%18 v2O-.21 will also be locked lso lthat the said tir-st- 'fundamental v.motion Will` not Ahe ditfferentiated at the Lirst.sun Wheel l, hutvwill konlyfhe transtormed,.andit ivill loe-converted through f all `of the loclred gearsprogressivevly into `VA-`the diiierentzdegreesi or-magnitudes ofmotion ot ,the geometricalfseriesiupl to the last --sun Wheel "Y, vWhere itheI desired motion to he imparted-to the Werl: frame/driving 4spindle results. )Sincefundamentalmotions of .equal fmagnitu de are. s transterre d to.. the Successive .gears Vand divided vloy VVthe stepped sun Awheels :into i. contributory -motions-the. same magnitude'vor degree otmoitionoi' thegecmetrical seriesfean alsoheoh- .tained hy stepped .planet Wheels, it only-he- .ing necessary torinalre -the ratio of transmission ot the sun Wheel ftofthe planet` Wheel .or vice versa.vccnrespondl tothe particular magnitude o'l motion vot lthe geometrical series.` vRutas soon as 'the one .er the other of the driving Wheels 22,253,24 .y Q8 is throwirinto rgear 'in-accordancewith the pattern lto he produced the differential speeds `of `the coupled different-iai geargare -added inthe samesense otrotation-to [the magnitudes of motion'whichA are already being progressively transformed and thesedifferent speedsare'lin turn` rconvertetlfrby the planet-:Wheels that Aare stationary into other magnitudes-.of motion f o the geometrical "SGTGSIild .ultimately :transferred ,through zthegl-astV sun Wlael: to i the Werliframe driving f. spindle to prodlytce the desired` displacement 10i" the-averli .fime. The...to'otliedavvheels18,

9, 10 14 which, according to the pattern to be produced, may not'fbe in mesh with a driving wheel, have to be arrested sowas to prevent any incidental motion of the same. Thisretaining of these wheels is effected by the locking wedges 46 formed in a shape of projections on the shitting members 35. vWhen the driving wheels 22-28'are thrown out of gear these locking wedges 46 enter into engagement with the teeth of the spur wheels 814. llVhen the driving wheels are thrown into mesh the locking wedges leave the toothed wheels automatically.

In the new motion changing device no securing means is provided tor the driving wheel shifting members, because it is of no consequence whether all ot the shifting members are in engaging positions at the same time or whether only some of them are in this position. This circumstance is a great advantage in comparison with existing automatic embroidering machines because false holes in the cards, which result in wrong shitting members being put in the operation, require a cumbersome securing deviceorguard inthe form ofl kind of lock.` But this guard often 'fails to act and hence ruptures are` unavoidable.' On' the other hand theA accuracy obtained by this new device is much greater than that obtained by means ot known automatic gear controllers, because the pitches ofthe teeth of thel various differential gears 'are made to become finer and finer throughout the entire speed changing' device so that any lost motion in the various differential gear becomes smaller and smaller towards the final individual gear. The steps in the contributory motions will, when diagrammatioally represented in accordance with a system ot' coordinates, not form a straight line, but a curve in the shape of a parabola as indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 4 which passes through the end points ot' the ovals and circles representing thevarious steps. The differentiation is greatest at the vertex of the parabola. Hence Vwith the `aid of this new device it is even possible to obtain stitches that can hardly be seen with the naked eye such as are necessary in very tine embroidery, provided that the 'work frame driving spindles operate with the necessary degree of accuracy.

Another advantage over known rdevices which are'not operated by differential gears working in series, but by motion transforming` levers, consists in the fact that for both directions 'of motion (horizontal and vertical) of the work frame driving spindle only se-ven gear wheel shifting members are required for each direction for 127l units, 8

gear shifting members being sufcient for 2564-1 units and 9 shifting members for `.512;1 units and so on,f\so that the total number of gear shiftingy members required is 14 (2X7) 16, 18 and so on respectively, which do the whole of the work, as against 40 gear wheel shifting members in the known automatic embroidering machines provided with motion transforming levers and arranged for only 10() units. Consequently the breadth of the jacquard card for the new automatic embroidering machine is reduced to 1]; of the ordinary width card which, in view of the large amount of jacquard cards required, is of considerable importance. 1n addition to this the construction of the card perforating machine tor the new automatic embroidering machine is considerably sims plied.

The modified device shown in Figs. 5 and 6 operates on the same linesy as that shown in Fig. 1. In this device, however, 2 groups of differential wheels corresponding to 9, 10, 11 and 9', 10', 11' are mounted upon the work frame driving spindle 32. Associated with each of the sun wheels 1, 2, 3, 4 and 1', 2', 3', 4' is a disk 19, 20, 21, 22 and 19', 20', 21', 22' respectively, each disk being rigidly iiXed to the sun wheel and having` a number of recesses in its periphery that corresponds to the magnitude of its contributory motion. The peripheral recesses are shown in Figs. 7-10 which represent the disks 19', 20', .21'.22'. A Whenever the work frame has been shifted the gear has t0 be locked against further motion `for a certain interval of time and this can be accomplished with the aid of the recessed disks in, a very simple manner and yet with great certainty and accuracy by means of the recessed disks. The locking action is carried out by means of a setting bar 47 arranged parallel to the shaft 32 and lguided by guide members 48. The setting bar is shifted vertically by means oi a cam or an eccentric not shown in the drawing'. Mounted on the 'setting bar are a number of locking teeth 49, 50, 51, 52 and 49', 50', 51', 52' respectively which engage with the grooves or recesses 53, 54, 55, 56 and 53', 54', 55' 56' respectively as soon as the gear is thrown on.

The magnitude of motion or total amount of rotation produced by the first group of differential wheels is imparted to the shaft 32 by means of the key 46 by which the last sun wheel 4 and recessed disk 22 is fixed to the shaft 32, while the motion produced by the second group of gear wheels is imparted to the revoluble wheel housing 57 and differentiated by the planet wheels 58, 59 and the spur wheel 60 from the total motion produced by the first group of wheels, the result of the 2 differentiated total motions being imparted through the toothed wheels 61 to the shaft 62. The ratio of transmission oi3 the 2 differentiated groups of wheels is determined by the ratio ot transmission of the wheels 60 and 6l.

. 'As soon' as the 4gear reaches theareversing ipositionthe4 bar '47 4.is fmovedradially-iup- -avai'ds and;l then the lockingrteetli 49 Vand 49 r`will be the irst tov enter their trecessesand 53 respectively Vso. as tosarrests the i'irst sun Wheel lfand l respectively. "Since thefsun `Wheel il -(Fig. 5) is Jliked ito the I.toothed AWheel 8,.an'd islthus in=directengageinent lvvith.y the driving `ivlieel 22 or its; associated ilocking'toothed'ineinhers A46,'only the play of the teeth of the toothedzwheel-B has tofbe 'taken into account'i'or ltherst fsun'lvvheel. Since this play by fitselit iis'yery sinallft'he tooth @will enter into ythe recess 52? ovith a considerable degree of accuracy and :will s positively r lockV the/sun lWheel l.

T he lockingfot thefneXtfdiiierentiah gear takes place insexactly the same' manner. 'The :play ivhieh gives .rise to lostlmotionoccurs ronly between `the planet :and sun Wheel. Sincetheplay in theiiirst'diiiierential gear is-*already Adisposed of by locking the fre cessed disk 19 the play that. remains inthe Isecond gear-Will only bevery'smalll andlthe 7 -lockingltoloth 50"ivill-fbefsuroto enter into :proper engagement with its recessedfdisk y:and `to set its associated sun vwheel:intofthe -proper position.

lrBylocking the sunivheels in successionin this manner the play between the lianksot -theteethvill be prevented in each gear individuallyv at certainmoments so that theplays in the `various gears will be prevented Afrom being progressively cumulative. By :Ltliis :means the proper engagement oit the last ar resting orsetti-ng teeth. 52, 52 is secured.

Mlnfthe modilicationshotvn in Fig. lllthe `locking-ot the various Igears'isnot accom- 'plishedby verticalinovcment oi anal1n vrestingorsettingrod oribar 4T, 'butlbyishittiing a stop carrier horizontally \vliieh;is arranged toslide upon a dovetail iguideiinemheran, illig. l2. The individual:stopping members or detents a9, 50551.62;aretthere- :tore arranged accordingly `upon v'the stop -carrier or .bar 47. Theiarrangcmen'totithe Iindividual detents is auch that the -locking ot the recessed disks 18, 20', 2ln5212/` occurs in steps, inetthe disks areflockedonefafter theotlier. To enable this vtoibo done the recessed disks are y'oi differentthicknesses and the arrafiigement is such that Whenitheparts are in their normal positions thc gap-between therecesseddisk1.9" and its associated :detentipin 4:9 is smallest,- While tliepgapbetween the recessedI disk of the last f differenztial -gear and :its 'associated ldetent-,pin is greatest `'Ihedeteiit pins '49,"50, 5l, 52V are `groundsoas `to tit accurately iii-Lthe detent v holes 53,54, 55, 56 and-.toipreventall rplay, 'vvherebyithe displacement of: therivork frame is caused'totake place-withthe:highest possible degree o'tcaeeuracy.

l claim:-

l. A motion changing gearrcomprising a common driven 1 shaft, 1a *plurality oi 'differffential gears Lino'unted on i the-"saidfcommon `shaft gf each'fsa-id diiferential f gear comprisciated With adjacent diii'erential'wvheels `and 'f imeansf'ftor throwingiany vnumber oi/said` driving. ivheels into f gear with 'their' resp ective differential YWheels, whereby #the `motionf. of

1thesaiddiiviii'giivheels be .transmitted to the said common driven shaft throughfone f or more off-saiddifferentiali gears. in accordance :with freometrical seriesfandumeans ritor locking the :sun lWheels successively ugainstfrotation in ithe 'order'nf theirzarrangement 2 on their shaft.

i 2.v A i motion changing gear'i comprising f a common .driven shaft f a Vplurality tot 4diiiercntial4 gears (mounted on thefsaid @common shaft each i said differential ygear comprismounted upon the saiddiierenti-al'Wheel and. sunv .ivheelsrat eitheraside fot l the di lier- :ential Wheel; iaf'driving Wheel associated ywith each differential Wheel; :each `said planet Wheel beingiin engageinentfwith sun l Wheels associated"With` adj-:acent differential Wheels g. means `for thro-Wingany" number of `said driving Wheelsinto'igear With'their respective difierential'ivheels,,Wherebyrthe motion of .the-said'driving'ivheels may: beftransinitted to 'the' said `:common 'driven fshatt through one' cram-ore otxsaid differential ygears :in 4'accordance Withra geometrical series,means.iordocking'the sun Wheels-sucfcessively `against i rotation in theV vorder lot -itial `gearsyinotion arresting disks provided `vvith :l'ateral `.holes i at their peripheries one fdisk being; located between each pair of sun Wheel-softequahsize, andithe number ofthe :said l:late-ral vholes :corresponding 'to the' contribiitorymotion1 of .,-aisaidi differential gear l-a horizontally displace'ahle detent carrying har; andhorizontal detent.4V pins mounted on `the saidfbarra-ndadapted toengage with the said holes; .the insheing of different lengths iandithe saididisksebeing of, different thicknesses, whereby the pins are caused to engage with their respective holes one aftery the other.

4. In a motion changing gear for embroidering machines; a common shaft; groups of differential wheels arranged on the common shaft; a sun wheel associated with each said differential wheel, the sun wheel of the last differential wheel of the first group being keyed to the said common shaft; a sun wheel fixed on the end of the said common shaft; a sun wheel associated with the last differential wheel of the second group; a rotating gear box connected to the last named sun wheel; a sun wheel fixed to an embroidering machine driving shaft; the sun wheel fixed to the embroidering machine shaft and the said sun wheel fixed to the end of the said common shaft being located in the rotating gear boX; and planet wheels in mesh with the sun wheels in the ,gear box and adapted to add together the amounts of motion produced by the said groups of differential wheels and to impart the resultant motion to the said embroidering machine.

5. In combination with the driving shaft of'an embrodering machine a motion changing gear; groups of differential wheels adapted to totalize their contributory motions and to impart the totalized motion to the driving shaft; a driven shaft common to one said group of the differential gears;

-and a rotary differential gear casing driven by the last group of differential gears and containing a sun wheel on the said driving shaft, a second sun wheel attached to the said common shaft, and planet wheels in mesh with the sun wheels, the ratio of trans formation of the said sun wheels determining the ratio of motion transformation between the said groups of differential gears. In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANZ GAHLERT, JUNIOR. Witnesses:

GUsrAv WoLroKY, Orro SEIBLAU.

Lil) 

